Instituto Internacional Arayara de Educação e Cultura vs. ANP e União Federal (Climate impact resulting from oil and gas exploration)

In May, 2025, the Instituto Internacional Arayara de Educação e Cultura filed a Public Civil Action aimed at enforcing the National Policy on Climate Change by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biofuels (ANP) and the Federal Government. It also seeks to ensure environmental transparency regarding oil and gas auctions held by the Federal Public Administration. The Arayara Institute presents the climate emergency scenario and its relationship with oil and gas exploration, not publicizing emissions from the blocks nor plans to mitigate these climate impacts. In this climate emergency scenario, the author of the action highlights that the Paris Agreement has been internalized in the country since 2017 and a central mechanism of the Agreement is the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), which is each country's contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. According to the Institute, in the 5th cycle of the Permanent Offer, it has the potential to emit 0.55 gigatons of greenhouse gases, which represents about 41% of the emissions limit of the Brazilian NDC for 2025. Transparency and publicity for the general public of the estimated emissions from the blocks offered in the 5th Permanent Offer cycle were requested, and that the calculated emissions and climate impact be considered in the formulation of energy policy, especially in the decision on the future offer of new blocks for oil and gas exploration, in addition to the inclusion in the Dynamic Emissions Panel of the oil and gas exploration blocks of scope 3 emissions from the blocks that are in the production phase.