Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) filed a lawsuit to compel the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Archives and Records Administration to fulfill legal obligations under the Federal Records Act (FRA) to preserve and recover federal records sent or received by DOE officials on their personal emails. EDF alleged that documents produced in response to EDF’s Federal Advisory Committee Act <a href="https://www.climatecasechart.com/collections/environmental-defense-fund-inc-v-wright_5be7">lawsuit</a> regarding the Climate Working Group convened by Secretary of Energy Chris Wright revealed that multiple DOE political appointees “used personal email accounts extensively to conduct government business.” EDF further alleged that the DOE officials had not forwarded those emails to their official email accounts, that the officials had used their personal email accounts for other official business related to the Climate Working Group and EPA’s endangerment finding for greenhouse gases without forwarding those emails to their official accounts, and that records that had not been properly preserved were relevant to nine requests that EDF had submitted to DOE under the Freedom of Information Act since January 2025. EDF asked the court to “[d]eclare that the communications sent and received by DOE employees from personal electronic messaging accounts related to the transaction of government business are agency records subject to the FRA,” that “the failure to ensure such messages and communications are preserved … constitute[s] an unlawful removal of federal records in violation of the FRA,” and that the defendants violated their duties under the FRA. EDF also requested injunctive relief.

Lawsuit to compel the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Archives and Records Administration to fulfill legal obligations to preserve and recover federal records sent or received by DOE officials on personal emails.

Environmental Defense Fund v. Wright

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Environmental Defense Fund Filed Suit Alleging Department of Energy Officials Failed to Preserve Correspondence Regarding Climate Working Group and Endangerment Finding

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

A loan is a policy instrument where funds are provided to a borrower with the expectation of repaying the principal plus interest.

Either money or something of monetary value is transferred between two or more organisations, people or countries.

Conditions that enhance the feasibility of adaptation options. Enabling conditions include finance, technological innovation, strengthening policy instruments, institutional capacity, multi-level governance and changes in human behaviour and lifestyles.

Actions or measures to adapt terrestrial systems to climate change.

Hot temperature extremes are daily maximum temperatures  that were exceeded on average once in a decade or once in 50 years, and includes heatwaves.

A long-lived, colourless gas, chiefly emitted from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation and cement production.

Actions to reduce emissions in energy generation and supply.

Risks to the ecosystem health of the marine environment, including ocean warming, ocean acidification, and ocean deoxygenation, harming biodiversity, species health, ecosystem services, and coastal community livelihoods.

Extreme weather refers to events where a weather variable exceeds (or falls below) a threshold. Meaning it is significantly different from the average or usual weather pattern.

Terrestrial means "of the earth" and relates to the risks to ecological system that includes all living organisms and their interactions within land-based environments, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Air pollution involves harmful contaminants in the air, affecting both indoor and outdoor environments. It can lead to health issues like respiratory diseases and heart problems, and climate impacts such as global warming. Pollutants can damage plants, trees, habitats, and water bodies like rivers and lakes.

Oil is a combustible liquid fossil fuel composed mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring as crude oil and refined into petroleum products such as petrol, diesel and kerosene.

Fossil gas, commonly known as natural gas, is a fossil fuel consisting chiefly of methane with smaller amounts of other hydrocarbons and trace gases, found in underground deposits.

This sector involves activities to move goods and people, alongside the storage of products.

Activities of government agencies and institutions that provide public services, enforce laws and manage public resources.

Activities that involve the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock for food, fibre, and other products essential for human life and industry.

Slow onset events evolve gradually from incremental changes over many years or from increased frequency or intensity of recurring events. As defined in the Cancun Adaptation Framework (2010), slow onset events include risks and impacts from rising temperatures, desertification, biodiversity loss, land and forest degradation, glacial retreat, ocean acidification, sea level rise, and salinization.

Environmental Defense Fund Filed Suit Alleging Department of Energy Officials Failed to Preserve Correspondence Regarding Climate Working Group and Endangerment Finding

Policy instrument

Risk

Impacted group

Fossil fuel

Greenhouse gas

Economic sector

Adaptation/resilience

Finance