The federal district court for the Central District of California found that a consumer plaintiff’s addition of allegations that she was a “longstanding and loyal Delta customer” who intended to purchase flights from the company in the future were sufficient to establish standing for claims under California’s False Advertising and Unfair Competition Laws. The court previously dismissed claims seeking injunctive relief under these laws because the plaintiff did not allege an intent to purchase future flights. In allowing the claims to proceed, the court found that the plaintiff “sufficiently alleged a particularized injury because refraining from purchasing future Delta flights, notwithstanding her desire to continue purchasing Delta flights and being an environmentally concerned consumer, is an injury that affects her in a harmful and personal way.” The specific alleged injury was “her inability to rely on the validity of Delta’s representations that it is a carbon-neutral airline, despite her intention to continue flying Delta.” The court further found that this injury was actual and imminent and that a favorable ruling ordering Delta to make truthful representations regarding its environmental impact would redress the alleged injury.

Greenwashing class action lawsuit alleging that Delta misrepresented itself as a carbon-neutral airline.

Berrin v. Delta Air Lines Inc.

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Federal Court Said Consumer Adequately Alleged Standing for Injunctive Relief Claims in Climate Washing Action Against Delta

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

Tradable permits are market-based tools that grant permission for specific activities, frequently used to regulate emissions. These permits can be issued within a trading system to manage environmental impacts.

A ban is a legal action that prevents the sale or supply of a product or service, or that recalls a product from the market. Examples are bans on SF6, greenwashing, fossil fuel advertisement or single-use plastics.

This sector creates and distributes information and entertainment through television, radio, print, and digital platforms.

Federal Court Said Consumer Adequately Alleged Standing for Injunctive Relief Claims in Climate Washing Action Against Delta

Policy instrument

Economic sector