The federal district court for the District of Montana granted the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s (FWS’s) motion for voluntary remand without vacatur of Commercial Special Use Permits authorizing commercial livestock grazing in the Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Montana. The plaintiffs who challenged the permits opposed remand. Their arguments included that the scope of remand was too narrow because the FWS did not propose to address key issues, including whether the FWS had ignored climate change.

Challenge to Commercial Special Use Permits authorizing commercial livestock grazing in the Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Montana.

WildEarth Guardians v. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

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Montana Federal Court Granted Fish and Wildlife Service Request for Voluntary Remand of Commercial Livestock Grazing Permits

Filed

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

A loan is a policy instrument where funds are provided to a borrower with the expectation of repaying the principal plus interest.

Actions or measures to adapt terrestrial systems to climate change.

Agriculture mitigation refers to practices used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions at every level of the agrifood systems, from production to consumption.

Actions to reduce emissions in energy generation and supply.

Terrestrial means "of the earth" and relates to the risks to ecological system that includes all living organisms and their interactions within land-based environments, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

This sector involves managing waste treatment, sanitation, pollution control and environmental cleanup.

Activities of government agencies and institutions that provide public services, enforce laws and manage public resources.

Activities that involve the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock for food, fibre, and other products essential for human life and industry.

Montana Federal Court Granted Fish and Wildlife Service Request for Voluntary Remand of Commercial Livestock Grazing Permits

Policy instrument

Risk

Economic sector

Adaptation/resilience