The federal district court for the District of Arizona granted a joint motion to enter a settlement agreement resolving a lawsuit filed by Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2025 to compel a response to CBD’s 2022 petition requesting that the Railroad Valley toad be listed as threatened or endangered. CBD alleged that the toad—which has an estimated distribution of 445 acres in Nevada—was threatened by oil and gas drilling and by a proposed lithium production project, as well as by other threats, including climate change. In the agreement, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service agreed to review the status of the Railroad Valley toad and submit a finding for publication by May 31, 2028 as to whether its listing was warranted.

Lawsuit to compel determination as to whether the Railroad Valley toad warrants listing as endangered or threatened.

Center for Biological Diversity v. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

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Settlement Required Fish and Wildlife Service Decision on Endangered Species Act Listing for Nevada Toad

Filed

United States of America

Arizona

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

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Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

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Settlement Required Fish and Wildlife Service Decision on Endangered Species Act Listing for Nevada Toad

Policy instrument

Economic sector

Finance