Center for Biological Diversity voluntarily withdrew an Endangered Species Act lawsuit against the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after FWS published the required 90-day finding in response to CBD’s April 2024 petition to list the gray cat’s eye as threatened or endangered. FWS published a finding on January 26, 2026 in which it announced that CBD’s petition presented substantial scientific or commercial information indicating that listing may be warranted. In its complaint, CBD alleged that the flower, which is found only on dunes along the Columbia River in central Washington, faces threats that include climate change-related disruption to groundwater regimes.

Lawsuit to compel issuance of an initial determination on an April 2024 petition to list the gray cat’s eye under the Endangered Species Act.

Center for Biological Diversity v. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

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Endangered Species Act Lawsuit Withdrawn After Fish and Wildlife Service Acted on Listing Petition for Rare Flower

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives