order

Montana and Trade Groups Allowed to Intervene in Challenge to Nationwide Permit that Authorized Keystone XL

Challenge to U.S Army Corps of Engineers approval of Keystone XL pipeline project under the reissued Nationwide Permit 12 for pipeline and utility projects.

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Litigation

Sabin

Sabin Litigation

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - order

motion

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - motion

response

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - response

memorandum

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - memorandum

status report

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - status report

notice of appeal

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - notice of appeal

reply

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - reply

amicus brief

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - amicus brief

opposition

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - opposition

brief

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - brief

Montana Federal Court Vacated Nationwide Permit Due to Corps of Engineers Failure to Initiate Consultation Under Endangered Species Act

amicus motion

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - amicus motion

Montana Federal Court Agreed to Consider Keystone XL-Specific Documents and 2012 Biological Opinion in Challenge to Authorization Under Nationwide Permit

motion for summary judgment

Plaintiffs Moved for Summary Judgment

motion to intervene

Northern Plains Resource Council v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - motion to intervene

complaint

Environmental Groups Challenged Corps of Engineers Approval for Keystone XL Pipeline

Filing Year For Action

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

Oil is a combustible liquid fossil fuel composed mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring as crude oil and refined into petroleum products such as petrol, diesel and kerosene.

Fossil gas, commonly known as natural gas, is a fossil fuel consisting chiefly of methane with smaller amounts of other hydrocarbons and trace gases, found in underground deposits.