brief

Opening Briefs Challenged Lawfulness of EPA and NHTSA’s Actions to Restrict California and Other States’ Authority to Regulate Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Proceedings challenging the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's rule preempting state limits on tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions and zero-emission vehicle mandates and EPA's withdrawal of California's waiver.

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Litigation

Sabin

Sabin Litigation

order

Parties Dismissed Challenges to Trump Administration Actions to Preempt State Vehicle Standards

stipulation

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - stipulation

response

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - response

Courts Holding Challenges to Trump-Era Vehicle Standards and Policies in Abeyance While Challenges to Biden Reversals Proceed

motion

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - motion

States Urged D.C. Circuit to Consider Constitutionality of California’s Clean Air Act Waiver

notice

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - notice

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - order

status report

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - status report

D.C. Circuit Granted Biden Administration Motion for Abeyance in Cases Challenging Actions Preempting State Regulation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Vehicles

reply

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - reply

opposition

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - opposition

Automotive Trade Group Withdrew from Cases

GM, Nissan Withdrew from Defense of Rule Preempting State Low-Carbon Vehicle Standards

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - brief

amicus brief

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - amicus brief

Brief Filed in Support of EPA and NHTSA’s Actions Restricting State Authority to Regulate Vehicle Emissions

Petitioners Sought More Time for Briefing in Challenge to Vehicle Standard Preemption Actions

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - Other

D.C. Circuit Declined to Speed Up or Slow Down Challenges to Withdrawal of California Waiver and Preemption of State Authority to Regulate Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Challengers Asked D.C. Circuit to Put Proceedings on Hold

statement of issues

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - statement of issues

EPA, DOT, and Automakers Sought to Speed Up Challenge to Vehicle Emission Standard Preemption Actions

motion to intervene

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - motion to intervene

petition for review

Union of Concerned Scientists v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration - petition for review

Filing Year For Action

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

This sector involves the wholesale and retail selling of goods.

A long-lived, colourless gas, chiefly emitted from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation and cement production.

Any compulsory, unrequited payment to the government levied on corporations or individuals. This can be for environmental reasons, such as introducing a Carbon tax to set a price that emitters must pay for the greenhouse gases they emit.

Terrestrial means "of the earth" and relates to the risks to ecological system that includes all living organisms and their interactions within land-based environments, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy or from which they have been displaced

People with different national or cultural traditions from the dominant population

A ban is a legal action that prevents the sale or supply of a product or service, or that recalls a product from the market. Examples are bans on SF6, greenwashing, fossil fuel advertisement or single-use plastics.

A drought is an extended period of unusually dry weather marked by a significant and sustained lack of precipitation, falling below a specific threshold over a large area for more than a month

Air pollution involves harmful contaminants in the air, affecting both indoor and outdoor environments. It can lead to health issues like respiratory diseases and heart problems, and climate impacts such as global warming. Pollutants can damage plants, trees, habitats, and water bodies like rivers and lakes.

This sector creates and distributes information and entertainment through television, radio, print, and digital platforms.

Oil is a combustible liquid fossil fuel composed mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring as crude oil and refined into petroleum products such as petrol, diesel and kerosene.

The release of heat-trapping gases, primarily from human activities such as burning fossil fuels, agriculture and industry.

Any substance with chemical properties that can cause physical harm to people or damage the environment, including ammonia, carbon monoxide, phosphine, chlorine, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, pesticides, dioxins, microplastics, benzene, asbestos, aflatoxins, fluoride, methanol, and toxins from marine sources.

Risks to the ecosystem health of the marine environment, including ocean warming, ocean acidification, and ocean deoxygenation, harming biodiversity, species health, ecosystem services, and coastal community livelihoods.

Slow onset events evolve gradually from incremental changes over many years or from increased frequency or intensity of recurring events. As defined in the Cancun Adaptation Framework (2010), slow onset events include risks and impacts from rising temperatures, desertification, biodiversity loss, land and forest degradation, glacial retreat, ocean acidification, sea level rise, and salinization.

Activities that involve the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock for food, fibre, and other products essential for human life and industry.

Activities that involve planning, designing and building infrastructure, residential, and commercial structures.

Hot temperature extremes are daily maximum temperatures  that were exceeded on average once in a decade or once in 50 years, and includes heatwaves.

Codes and standards are regulatory instruments that specify minimum standards to protect health and safety. This ranges from performance standards, which prescribe outcomes while allowing flexibility to achieve compliance, to the more prescriptive approach of technology-specific standards.

Activities of government agencies and institutions that provide public services, enforce laws and manage public resources.

This sector involves activities to move goods and people, alongside the storage of products.

This sector involves activities that impart knowledge and skills to individuals, including formal schooling, vocational training and educational support.

Extreme weather refers to events where a weather variable exceeds (or falls below) a threshold. Meaning it is significantly different from the average or usual weather pattern.

Fossil gas, commonly known as natural gas, is a fossil fuel consisting chiefly of methane with smaller amounts of other hydrocarbons and trace gases, found in underground deposits.

Opening Briefs Challenged Lawfulness of EPA and NHTSA’s Actions to Restrict California and Other States’ Authority to Regulate Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Target

Policy instrument

Risk

Impacted group

Renewable energy

Fossil fuel

Greenhouse gas

Economic sector

Adaptation/resilience